Twist-drill machine



R. W. AND J. E. HUDSON TWJST DRILL MACHFNE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 29. 19m

1,342,963 Patented June 8, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET!- R. W. AND J. E. HUDSON.

TWlST DRILL MACHINE.

A'PPLICATIDN FILED )ULY 29.1918

Patented June 8, 1920.

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nllllll II IHII IHIIIIIIW- R. W. AND J. E. HUDSON.

TWIST DRILL MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 29, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- Patented June 8, 1920.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD WEBSTER HUDSON AND JOSEPH EDWIN HUDSON, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

TWIST-DRILL MACHINE.

Application filed July 29,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, RICHARD WEBSTER HUDSON and JOSEPH E. Henson, citizens of theUnited States, residing at Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Twist-Drill Machines; and we do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

In the manufacture of twist-drills in which the spiral grooves or flutes of the in strument are formed by cutters or chaser-s, the method of forming first one of the flutes, then, co-axial therewith and equidistant therefrom, another flute, and then grinding the drill, truing the same, and removing burs, is found to be slow, tedious and expensive owing to the number of operations re uired.

ur invention is designed to largely overcome the difficulties and objections here indicated, and to provide a machine by means of which a completed twist-drill may be rapidly, cheaplyand accurately produced by substantially a single operation, and in which loss by breaking or injuring the drills or cutters is reduced to a minimum.

To these ends our invention consists of the devices, construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a top plan-view of our machine; Fig. 2, a sideelevation of the same with portions in central vertical section to disclose the construction and operation of the leaders hereinafter referred to; Fig. 3, a rear-elevation of a portion of our machine which carries the clearing or finishing cutters hereinafter referred to; Fig. 4. a front end-view of the turret or device for carrying and presenting to the several cutting instruments employed the blanks to be operated upon in the successive steps of their treatment; Fig. 5, a .rear end-view of the same showing the group of gears for actuating the leaders; Fig. 6, a side-elevation of one of the leaders hereinafter referred to, detached; Fig. 7, a side-elevation of a sleeve for rotatably and slidably sup- Specification of Letters mm.

Patented June 8, 1920.

1918. Serial No. 247,306.

porting the leader illustrated in F ig. 6; Fig. 8, a side-elevation of the sleeve hereinafter referred to, designed to carry a central driving pinion and worm-wheel, and a pinion for backing the leaders away from the cutters of the machine; Fig. 9, a frontelevation of a portion of our machine, showing the pair of flute-cutters hereinafter'referred to, together with the devices for gradually and slightly decreasing the cut and for automatically releasing the flutecutters and the clearing cutters from the work to permit the removal of a finished drill and the introduction of a blank; Fig. 10, a diagram illustrating the relation of the pair offlute cutters to each other and to the work with whichthe cutters are engagged, and Fig. 11, a diagram of the clearing -and finishing cutters hereinafter referred to, in operative engagement with the fluted drill together with the instruments for removing the bur formed by the cutters.

Like letters and numerals of reference indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

Upon a stout table or benchv 1 is journaled a driving shaft 2 carrying fast and loose driving pulleys 3 or equivalent driving device. Upon the inner end of the shaft 2 is secured a double pinion 4 beveled on its inner portion. The teeth at one side of the pinion 4 engage and drive a pinion 5 which in turn engages and drives a gear 6 on shaft 7. The teeth on the other side of the pinion 4 engage the teeth of a gear 8 mounted on shaft 9. The shafts 79 are journaled in sleeves or bearings 7" and 9 and their axes are disposed in vertical planes which converge,in the present instance, for illustratiom-at an angle of 28 degrees. This angle may, of course, be varied as circum- .stances may require. Theshaft 7 carries at its inner end a milling cutter 10, and the shaft 9 carries at its inner end a like milling cutter 11. The cutters 10 and 11 are arranged, in this instance, one exactly above the other and are separated according to the depth of the flute to be out upon the intervening drill-blank, the arrangement being such that the two cutters operate simultaneously upon opposite sides of a drill blank in spiral grooves, the cutters being rotated in oblique planes which correspond to the lead of the grooves.

The rotationand forward feed of the blanks to be operated upon is obtained by means of the mechanism now to be described.

Upon shaft i2 is iournaicd a casing 13, a front view of which is seen in Fig. 4 and a rear view in Fig. This casing being revolublc upon a fixed horizontal shaft may he regarded as a horizontal turret. .Vithin the casing 12 and parallel with its axis are three curd-distantly arranged leaders 14:, such are indicated in Fig. 6. These at their forward ends project through holes l5 in piate 16 which forms the front of the cas ing 12. and each is provided at its forward end with a chuck 17 adapted for operative engagement with the end of a twist drill blank. The leaders i4 slide longitudinally in and are revolubie with their respective sleeves l8. each of which is revoluble in a sleeve or tubular portion of whichthere are 3, the group being formed integral with the plate 1.6 and forming together the body of the turret.- The sleeve 18 at its outer end is provided with a toothed ring or pinion 20. The leaders let are longitudinally slotted as at 21, these slots being engaged hy splines 22 projecting inwardly from the sieevc and which engage the slots 21 in the leaders l4. It will be seen that the member 14 must rotate with the sleeve 18 but is permitted to slide longitudinally therein. The leader 1% is provided with a spiral groove 23 having the same lead the flute to be cut upon the drillrhlank. This groove is engaged by the inwardly projecting lug 24 (see Fig. at) which upon the leader L4. being rotated causes it to advance or reccde as the case may he. Each of the three pinions 2i) upon the siceve 18 is in engagement with a centrai pinion 25 formed on or secured to one end of sleeve 26 which is loose upon the shaft When the sleeve 26 is revolved the severai pinions and sleeves iii are rotated in unison therewith (see Fig. 5). The rotation of the sleeve 26 and its associated parts just referred to is effected through the worm-wheel 21 secured to sleeve 26, driven by a worm 28 on shaft 29 which carries beveled pinion 30. This pinion engages and is driven by a corresponding pinion 31 on one end of shaft 32. The other end of shaft 32 carries a beveled pinion 33 engaged with and driven by a pinion E4: on one end of shaft.

35, the other end of which carries a pinion 56 engaged with and driven by pinion 37 on one end of shaft 38. the other end of which carries a pinion 39 engaged with and driven by the gear-wheel 8.

The sleeve 26 carries in addition to pinion and to worm wheel 27.11 pinion 40 which engages and is driven by a pinion 41 which. when the worm wheel and worm 27-2S are disengaged. may be operated by the handcrank 42 to rapidly reverse the gears which rotate and project the leaders 14 and to thus withdraw the work from the cutters and to permit the introduction of a fresh blank.

The automatic disengagement of the worm their originai position.

28 from the worm wheei 27. which ncrmits the manual operation inst indicz'ited. is ell'ected by dropping one end of the shaft 2;) upon which lhe worm is fixed. so that the worm 5111 worm-wheel are out of engage ment. The shaft 29 at its end opposite the cam 43 has hearings arranged to permit this slight tilt f the shaft. One end of the shaft 2!) is vertiru i slidable and is supported by a cam in (see Fig. l) the other end being loosely journaied as above iiuiicated. cam 43 is connected with one end of and controlled hy a rod 44. the other end of which is connected with a lever 45 fixed and fulcrumed at its lower end upon shaft The upper end of the lever -15 is engaged by the forward end of one of the ieaders H at or near the chuck 17. When the leader has been fed forwardly the distance necessary to finish the work upon the drill-biank. the lever 45 has been swung upon its bearing, moving the rod 44 and tilting the cam 42, with its flat side uppermost so that the shaft 29 is permitted to drop slightly and so that the worm and wornrwheel are now disengaged. Now by means of the handnvheel 42 the leaders may he quickly retracted to A handle Jr? fixed upon the shaft 46 serves to swing the lever 45 to project and retract the leaders as well as to throw the several cutters or rhasers into and out of engagement with the work.

This controi of the chasers or cutters by means of the handle t? is attained by means of the devices and arrangement now to he described.

The siccves i and 9 in which the shafts Th e 7 and 9) are iournaled are secured respectiveiy to the top of a block T and 9 ar ranged to siide verticaliy in the machine head which carries the shafts. pulieys. and gears, numbered from two to nine. inciusive. parts T -i) being indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1. From the top of this head springs a Standard i8 upon which is fulcrumcd. as at 49. a horizontal bar 50. At one side of the fuicrum 42 is pivoted. as at 51. a. iink 52 which is engaged, as at 53. with the block or member 7'. At the opposite side of the fulcrum 4!) is pivotally engaged. as at 54;. a link 55 which is engaged, as at 56. with the block 9" (see Fig. 9). The points 5i 5-1 are cqui-distant from the-fulcrum 49 so that when the arm 50 is swung on its fulcrum the blocks T"----9 are correspondingly raised or lowered and the cutters 1011 are corrc spondingly caused to approach or recede from each other. The movement of the arm 50 is effected by a rod 57, the upper end of which is pivoted. as at 58. to one end of the bar 5d, the lower end being operatively connected, as at 59. with a cam (30 lined on the shaft Hi. By means of an adjusting screw 57 the length of the connection 5? may be controlled and the normal distance milling, clearing,

between the cutters 10--1 1 may be established as may be desired. It will now be seen that when the leader which actuates the lever 45 has been pro'ected sufliciently to tilt the shaft 46 to whic the lever is secured, the cam will be turned with its flat side uppermost which permits the rod 57 and the end of the arm 50 to which it is attached to drop suddenly, thus lowering the cutter, 10 and correspondingly raising the cutter 11. This quick separation is facilitated by a suitably located spring 50. This separation of the cutters 10 and 11 simultaneouslywith the disengagement of the turret from the worm 28 permits the rapid retraction of the leaders through the rotation of the hand-wheel 42 so that a finished drill may be removed and so that a fresh blank ma be placed in its appropriate chuck.

he contour of the cam 60 is such that just before the cutters are swung asunder as just described, they are gradually moved slightly apart so that the depth of the cut of each of the fiute cutters is gradually and slightly decreased, thus thickening and strengthen ing the web of the drill at its junction with the shank of the drill.

The turret 13 while it is disengaged from the worm 28 may be rotated on its shaft 12. A step by step rotation of the turret is permitted by means of a spring latch 61 con trolled by a handle 62, the latch being adapted for engaging with three equi-distant notches 63 in the edge of the plate 16 forming the front of the turret. The latch 61 and the notches 63 hold the turret and the several chucks 17 in operative relation to the cutters 10 and 11, as well as to a pair of or finishing cutters to which the partly finished twist drill is moved by the swing of the turret, and which with their controlling mechanisms are now to be described.

64 and 65 indicate milling, finishing or clearing cutters, disposed one above the other, mounted in the same plane upon shafts 64 and 65 respectively. hese shafts are journaled in sleeves 66 carried by frames 67 and 68 (see Fig. 3) mounted and vertically movable in a housing 69. The shaft 64 carries at its end, opposite the cutter 64, a beveled pinion 70 engaged with a corresponding pinion 71 at one end of shaft 72 the other end of which carries a beveled pinion 73 which is engaged and driven by the beveled gear 37 Wl'llCl'l is operated in the manner hereinbefore described. The shaft/T2 carries a pinion 74 which engages and drives a pinion 75 on one end of shaft 76, the other end of which carries a beveled pinion 77,'indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1,-the latter pinionengaging and driving a corresponding plnion, not shown in the drawings, fixed on the shaft 65.

The cutters 6465 are positioned so that and the flute cutters a point exactly midway between the two coincides with the axis of one of the leaders 14 when turned to such position that the spring latch 61 engages a notch 63 in the turret.

Since the leaders 14, the flute cutters 10 and 11 and the clearing or finishing cutters 64-65 are all driven from one pulley, it is important, in order to prevent injury or breakage of the machine or the drills, that they be started and stopped simultaneously. The starting and stopping of the leaders has already been described. The automaticseparation of the cutters 64-65 at the end of their cut to permit the withdrawal of the twist drill is effected means of a lever 78 'fulcrumed as at 79. The lever at one side of its fulcrum is connected by means of a link 80 with the frame ()7 which carries the cutter 64 and is correspondingly connected at the opposite side of its fulcrum by means of link 81 to the frame 68 which carries the cutter 65. Now the swing of the lever 78 causes the frames 6T68 to move vertically in opposite dircctions, thus separatin or bringin closer together the cutters. he outer end of the lever 78 carries a rod 82, the lower end of which is operatively connected with a cam 83 fixed on the rod 46. The normal separation of the cutters 64-65 is governed by a screw connection,-as indicated at Tri -between the lever 78 and the rod 82. A spring 84 holds the lower part of the rod 82 in close contact with the cam 83 so that when the flat side of this cam is. turned uppermost .the lever 78 is quickly moved to disengage the cutters 64-65 from the work.

The operation of our machine thus far described is as follows:

The belt-pulley being in motion, the handle 47 being swung so that the pairs of cut ters 1011, 64-65, are separated and so that the worm 28 is thrown out of gear, the leaders in the turret being also in retracted position, a blank is placed in the uppermost chuck 17, being theone which will next move into alinement with the cutters 101'1. Now by means of the hand wheel the work is brought close to the cutters 10-1 Next, the handle 47 is depressed, thus bringing into operative relation the several cutters and at the same time, through the worm gear 2728 and the gears 20-25, feeding and revolving the blank between the flutecutters in the manner hereinbefore indicated. When the out upon the blank has proceeded the required distance, the lever 45 is automatically thrown over, the shaft 46 is turned, cams 60 and 83 are actuated, and the cutters are thereby forced asunder, at the same time throwing the worm 28 out of gear. Now, the spring latch 61 being released, the work is by means of the hand wheel 42 withdrawn sufficiently to permit t Jfi a onethird turn which it ill-ill which has ust been grooved .ouut with the 'fllfillBIS %65. 51. having in rue mean time, been riuuro uiate chuck, it is by this turret hrought between the uni the peration just no stop in the turn as is removed and anplieei, Between successive stops spirally g: vred, and another l is milled and linislual. Thus at eaeh rviniiii'hus of the turn-l a completed drili prorinceii. ":T'he uutters 54 as they out tranf'vorseiy xii-rose the surrare of the ailvaneing revolw lug); iii-ills leave at the edges of the spiral grooves or ilutes a. slight bur which We rename in the more witlulra wal of the drill from its zuirutnarerl pogitirt n between the out ii-rs. To accomplish this we provide a pair oi stout scrapers (see Fig. 11), positioned at opposite sliles of and in close contact with the lilill. its the revolvino' (lrill is withdrawn from hetwern the finishing cutters sem nars 8:": remove the hur, thus obviathe niaessity for the usual grinding.

7' e machine-h fltl whi o carries the drivpa in}: aml it ed gears is mountml on ways, us I the dotted lines at so in Fig; of a screw ST in: a graiiuutnl t "1, the machine hwul is mow-ii to and f to accommodate the iurri an thirlcnosscs of the cutters l(lll in rouse the cutte s. to ioincide with the uunila-r of E: ii ilrst as indicated o the uumcruis on the nrarhiateri plate 8 The housing on in which the cutters 64-fi5 are mouuteil is :uliustalie on the bench or talule of the unu-hine it, means of an arl iush nn so H51. The l'rame in which the turret 15 is mounted is also adjustable on the hunch or iahle hr menus of adjusting screw ei ustmouts are Well understood here further ileseriberli iiesrriiwml our invention, What We v lain and desire to secure by Letters Patent QS it in a rim-himof the ileseriloeil oharacten in roruhiuatlmu with fluting cutters anrl finishing iruttcrs. u longituelinallyfixed rotatable turret. a plurality of holders mount- (ll in the turre and adapted respectively for operative intonation with a drill-blank gears mounted and jourmueri upon the turret and adapted and arranged to simultaneously rotate the llOlllQIS means whereby the rotation of the holders will also projeet and retract the hohlers into and out of operative relation to the cutters. anal a. detent arranged to engage and hold the turret anrl the holders sui-cessively in operative relation to the cutters.

2 in a machine of the ilesorihed character, a cutting Inerhanism adapted and arranguai to out spiral grooves upon a blank, a cutting inevhanisni adapted and arranged to Hear or finish the grooved blank, a longitlliii313.ll}J-SE;LUUIIKLI Y rotatable turret, a pinrality of hohlers mounted in the turret, each holder ha ing a chuck ailapterl for operative mnneution with a iiriihhlanlz, said turret iii-lug :ulapteu aral arran eu to successiveiy priseot a blank to the cutting mechanism lli'vli uuantionool ZiYNl then to tioneii cutting inecluinisin, e rletent adapted to engage zuul hold the turret in operative r lation to either of saiii cutting mechanisms, means WLITiEd by the turret for simultaneously projecting said holders into operative relation to said cutting mechanisms, and gears iournaled upon the turret adapted to rotate the hoirlers during such projection to rouform to the lead of the spiral grooves to he formeil h the tinting cutters.

3. in a twist- (ll'ill machine, a pair of outters arranged to, simultaneouslyeut grooves in a drill-blank, a blank-carrier, a turret in which said carrier is rotatably and reciprocaoly mounted, gears earriecl by and journalea 1' upon the turret; adapted to rotate and reciprocate the blank-carriers in con lorniity to the lead of the grooves to be rut s worumlri we for actuating said gears in one direction and a quirk acting manually ope 'ateil :iriw for actuating sairl gears in the Is rliri-ition.

* ri to simultaneously rut spiral o' ilbhlank, a cutting mechahear such blanks. a series of hlank .nrriers. a turret in which sau'l lilank-carriers are rotatably and reciprovahiy mounted and in which they are in sue wssion presented to said cutting mechauisms gears earrieil lay the turret and which 'fifltl and rotate the blank-carriers in conformity to the lead of the grooves to he cut, quiek-actin gears for retracting sairl blankearriers, and which eo-act to disengage saiii i'utting mechanisms from the Work and to throw out of gear sairl feeding gears.

s. in a twist drill machine, a pair of outiers arranged to simultaneously out spiral grooves in drill-blank, and a cutting mechanism adapted to clear the grooved hlank, combined with a turret, hlank-carriers rotatahle enrol reeiprocable in the turret said turret heing arranged to successivel present sairl carriers first to said pair of Putters and then to said cutting mechanism, gears carried by the turret adapted to rotate and reciprocate the blank-carriers in eonformitv to the lead of the grooves to he cut, a worm-drive which aetuates said gears in one i lirection. and a quick acting manually operated drive which aetuates said gears in the opposite direction.

6. In a drill making machine, a pair of spiral.

cutters arranged to simultaneously cut on opposite sides of a drill-blank two spiral grooves, said cutters being disposed obiquely to each other in planes corres 0ndin to the lead of such grooves, a lank ho ding chuck in operative relation to said cutters, a leader having a spiral groove and a longitudinal groove and which carries the chuck, a non-reci rocable sleeve co-axial with the leader and with which the leader 1s slidably and rotatably connected, and gears for rotating said sleeve.

In a machine of the described character, a cutting mechanism adapted and arranged to cut spiral grooves u on a blank, a cutting mechanism adapted and arranged to clear or finish the grooved blank,.a longitudinall -stationary rotatable turret, a plurality o holders mounted in the turret each holder having a chuck adapted for operative connection with a drill-blank, said turret being adapted and arranged to successively present a blank to the cuttin mechanism first mentioned and then to the second mentioned cutting mechanism, a detent adapted to engage and hold the turret in operative relation to either of said cutting mechanisms, means carried by the turret for simultaneously projecting said holders into operative relation to said cutting mechanisms, gears journaled upon the turret for rotating the holders durin such projection, to conform to the lead of 51c spiral rooves to be formed by the fiuting cutters, or said gears a worm-drive, also a quick acting manually actuated drive adapted to simultaneously project or retract said holders, and devices for automatically and simultaneously throwing said worm-drive out of gear and disenga 'ng the groove-cutting mechanism from t e work at a predetermined point in the advance of the holders.

8. In a machine of the described character, a cutting mechanism adapted and arranged to cut spiral flutes upon a drill-- blank, a cuttin mechanism adapted and arranged to fimsh such fluted drill-blank,

devices for blanks into retraction, to efi'ect the removal of such bur as may be formed by such cutting mechanism.

10. A machine of the described character comprising in its construction a pair of milling cutters adapted and arranged to simultaneously cut spiral grooves or flutes on opposite sides of a blank, a pair of milling cutters adapted and arranged to cut upon opposite sides of the blank so grooved, a turret, three holders in said turret adapted respectively to hold a twist-drill blank, a detent adapted to hold the turret and its holders in operative relation to said cutters, means carried by the turret for projecting blanks carried by said holders into operative engagement with said cutters, means carried by the turret for rotating said holders during their advance and retreat, means for simultaneously and automatically releasing all of said cutters from the work and for throwing out of operative relation said projecting means at a predetermined point in the advance of such blanks, means for manually rotating and retracting the holders from the cutters, and a scraper adapted for. engagement with the finished blank during its retreat from the finishing cutter.

In testimony whereof we af'fix our signatures in resence of two Witnesses.

RIO ARD WEBSTER HUDSON. JOSEPH EDWIN HUDSON. Witnesses:

EARLE Y. MORGAN,

Mrs. E. Y. MORGAN.

Correction in Letters Patent No. 1,342,963.

It is hereby certified that in Lottors Patent No. 1,342.963, granted Juno 8, 1920. upon the application of Richard Webster Hudson and Joseph Edwin Hudson, of Toledo, Ohio, for an improv ement in "Twist-Drill Machines," an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 5, after line 87, insert the following as claim 11:

I1. In a. twist drill machine, a pair of spindles disposed one above the other in planes converging at one side of the blank to be cut, a flut'ing cutter carried by each 0 said spindles, a driving shaft, gears intermediate said driving shaf t and said spindles whereby the spindles are rotated, bearings in which the spindles respectively rotate, a bar fu-Zcrumed between and operatwel'y connected with said bearings, meansfor feeding a drill-blank to said cutters, and demlcesfor tilting the but on its fulcrum in. hannony with the movement of the drill-blank;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and sealed this 6th day of July, A. D., 1920.

[SEAL-1 M. H. COULSTON,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Cl. 29 38. i 

